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t/ df};"kmsf] ljb|f]x
ug]{ afgL lyPg
cfkm\gf lktf >L % dxf/fhflw/fh jL/]Gb| tyf
dftf >L % j8fdxf/fgL P]Zjo{ ;lxt /fhkl/jf/sf dxTjk"0f{ ;b:ox?dfly z'qmaf/
/flt >L % o'j/fhflw/fh bLk]Gb|af6 ;f+3flts uf]nL k|xf/ ePsf] eGg] ;"qx?nfO{
pb\3[t ub}{ ;+rf/ dfWodx?n] lbO/x]sf] ;"rgf df};"km;+u s'g} g s'g} ;do
;+utsf] cg'ej kfPsfx?nfO{ cToGt cljZjfl;nf] / ljZjf;ug{ klg dg gnfUg] 36gf ePsf]
5 .
df};"kmsf ljBfno / sn]hsf ;xsdL{ tyf lzIfsx? æbLk]Gb|Æaf6 s'g} c;fdfGo
Jojxf/ slxNo} k|bz{g gePsf] atfpF5g\ . æo'j/fh bLk]Gb|af6 o:tf] 36gf eof] xf]nf
eg]/ d ljZjf; ug}{ ;lSbgÆ, a"9flgns07 cfjf;Lo ljBfnodf $ b]lv !) sIff;Dd
;+u} k9]sf lzj]Gb| a:g]tn] k|ltlqmofj; eg] . xfn dfp06]g Po/sf k|jGws lgb]{zs
lzj]Gb|sf] cg'ejdf bLk]Gb|n] ;j{;fwf/0fn] h:t} b'Mv ;'v / cg'zf;g kfngf u/L
kl9aS;]sf] xf] . df};"kmdf g]t[Tj lng] Ifdtf lyof], t/ lkjb|f]x ug]{ afgL
lyPg .
;+u} k9]sf ljBfyL{x?sf cg';f/ :s"n] a]nfb]lv g} df};"km s'g} klg s'/fnfO{
t'?Gt} a'em]/ ljZn]if0f ug]{, ;f]+r]/dfq k|ltlqmof lbg] t/ cfkm\g} lg0f{odf cl8u
x'g] vfnsf] xf]OaS;GYof] .
ædf};"kmdf d}n] slxNo} ;Gsfxf / d'8L :jefj b]lvg, hlxn] klg xfFl;/xg] afgL
lyof]Æ :s"n] a]nfs} csf{ ;fyL lg/h k/fh'nLn] eg] M æxF;L dhfs ug]{, slxNo}
gl/;fpg] / /fhsLo /jfkm gb]vfpg] df};"kmsf] afgLaf6 d w]/} g} k|efljt lyPF
. cfkm"n] cToGt >4f / ljZjf; u/]sf o'j/fhflw/fhn] g} o:tf] sd{ u/]sf]
cfkm" ;f]Rg;Dd g;Sg] pgL atfpF5g\ . xfn emfkfdf lrof aufg Joj;fo ul//x]sf
lg/hn] b'MvL x'Fb} 6]lnkmf]gdf k|Zg u/] M æo:tf] g/fd|f] 36gf s;/L 36\g k'Uof]
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;dsfnLg ljBfyL{x?sf cg';f/ :s"ndf cGo cfd ljBfyL{ h:t} df};"km klg æl6r/
uf8]{gdfÆ cfn'jv8f, sfFqmf / cGo kmnkm"n rf]g{ uOaS;GYof] . /, cfd ljBfyL{
h:t} ;hfosf] efuLbf/ xf]OaS;g klg df};"kmdf s'g} lxlRsrfx6 x'Gy]g .
æklAns l/n];gÆ dg k/fpg] :jefjsf sf/0f df};"km k"j{ d]lrb]lv klZrd
dxfsfnL;Ddsf ;xkf7Lx?;+u v]Ng], af]Ng] ul/aS;GYof] . o:t} k|;+udf Pshgf ;fyLsf]
6f]kL kmflnlbPsf] lgx'Fdf l/;fpFb} ;fyLn] ufnL u/]kl5 Ifdf dfUb} df};"kmn]
6f]kL l6k]/ xftd} ydfOaS;]sf] lyof] . df};"kmdf cWoogk|lt lgs} ?lr ePsf] /
b]zk|]dsf] efjgf k|r"/ ePsf] cg'ej lzIfsx?n] ;+ufn]sf 5g\ . cfkm\gf ljBfyL{
/fi6"k|d'v bLk]Gb|nfO{ dft[, lkt[ / /fhxTof/fsf ?kdf k|:t't ub}{ ljb]zL ;+rf/
dfWodx?n] zlgjf/ / cfOtaf/ lbge/L k|;f/ u/]sf] b'Mvb\ ;dfrf/ ;'Gg'kbf{ pgLx?
cfFz'sf] cfxfndf 8'a]sf 5g\ k|ltlqmof:j?k s'g} zAb pRrf/0f ug{ g;sL
ls+st{Joljd'9 ePsf 5g\ .
æcToGt cg'zfl;t ?kdf cWoog ul/aS;]sf o'j/fhaf6 ljZjf; ug}{ g;lsg] sd{ ePsf] va/
d ;'Gg} ;lSbgÆ df};"kmnfO{ g]kfnL k9fPsf a"9fgLns07s} lzIfsn]
uulN;Psf] :j/df eg] .
df};"km cWoog u/]sf a]nf pQm ljBfnodf s]6Lx? k9\g kfpg] Joj:yf lyPg . ;dsfnLg
sltko ;fyLx? hfF8 /S;Lsf] s'ntdf nflu;s]sf lyP . df};"km eg] cWoog,
v]ns"b / ;fdfGo dgf]/~hgdf /dfOaS;GYof] . t/ :s"n ;Sg] clGtd jif{df
df};"kmn] æ;]G6d]l/hÆ k9\g] cfkm"eGbf @ sIff h'lgo/ ;'lk|of zfxnfO{
dg k/fOaS;]sf] lyof] . /, To;a]nfb]lv g} df};"kmn] cfkm"x?sf] ;DaGwnfO{
u+eL/ ?kdf lnOaS;]sf] ;"qx?sf] bfjL 5 .
v]ns"b, lzsf/ / gf}sf ljxf/df ljz]if ?lr /fVg] df};"kmn] a]nfotaf6 kms]{kl5
lqrGb| sn]haf6 :gfts / sLlt{k'/af6 e"uf]ndf :gftsf]Q/ pQL0f{ ul/aS;]sf] xf]
. df};"kmsf Ps lgs6 ldqsf cg';f/ pRr lzIffsf] cWoog k"/f ub}{ u/sf]
a]nf ;'lk|of;+usf] k|]d ulxl/+b} uPkl5 cfkm\gL dftf j8fdxf/fgL ;dIf ljx]sf]lglDt
;dy{g dfluaS;]sf] lyof], t/ c:jLsf/ ul/of] .
kl5 pRr lzIffsf] cWoog rln/x]s} a]nf kz'klt zdz]/ /f0ffsL 5f]/L b]jLofgL;+u
df};"kmsf] lrghfg ePsf] / Tof] ldqtf klg lj:tf/} æk|]dÆ df kl/0ft ePsf]
;"qx? atfpF5g\ .
df};"kmsf] k|]d kl5;Dd klg ;'lk|of / b]jLofgf b'j};+u ;dfgGt/ ?kdf rln/x]s}
lyof] . cfkm\gf] klxnf] k|]dnfO{ ljx]df kl/0ft ug{ j8fdxf/fgL dGh"/ geO{aS;]kl5
df};"kmn] s]xL jif{kl5 b]jLofgL;+u ljx] ug{ ;dy{g dfuL aS;]sf] lyof] . b'j}
o'jtL;+u ljx]sf nflu /fhkl/jf/ / ljz]ifu/L >L % j8fdxf/fgLaf6 ;xdlt k|fKt
gePsf] cg'dfg lyof] .
kl5Nnf s]xL jif{otf ;fj{hlgs hLjgdf df};"kmsf] ;lqmotf lgs} a9]sf] lyof] eg]
csf]{lt/ df};"km hg;+Vof ljifodf ljBfjfl/lwsf nflu tof/L ul/aS;b} klg lyof]
. kLPr8L tof/Lsf qmddf b'O{ k6s df};"km cfkm\gf u'? 8f= afns'df/ s];Lsf 3/df
klg ;jf/L xf]OaS;]sf] lyof] . 8f= s]=;L s]xL ;do ljb]z a:g] ePsfn] df};"kmn]
s]xL xKtf cl3 dfq} klg b'O{ tLg Snf; lnOaS;]sf] lyof] . ptf >LdtL s];L
cfZro{df kg'{ ePsf] 5 . Pp6f hgtfsf 3/df cfP/ cltly ;Tsf/sf df}sf lbg] xFl;nf
xfd|f o'j/fhn] dftflktfdfly uf]nL xfGg'eof] xf]nf / < x'Fb} xf]Og 8f= s];L
xfn ljb]zdf /x]sf] hfgsf/L lb+b} pxfFn] eGg'eof] .
:gftsf]Q/ cWoog ubf{sf df};"kmsf e"uf]n lzIfs ;f+;b 8f= d+unl;4L dfgGw/
klg df};"kmsf] To:tf] c;fdfGo / pR5[+vn Jojxf/ cfkm"n] gb]v]sf] cg'ej
;'gfpg' x'G5 . ækl/jf/leqsf] s'/f dnfO{ yfxf ePgÆ, pxfFn] 5f]6f] k|ltlqmof
lb+b} eGg'eof] M æSofDk;df df};"kmsf] Jojxf/ ;a} /fd|f] lyof] .Æ
k|:t'tLM dfwjL e§